Complete Guide: Prayer Readings and Procedure for the Obligatory Bath (Ghusl) in Islam
Islam teaches the importance of purification from major impurities, such as menstruation, postnatal bleeding, or post-sexual impurity (janabah), as a condition for the validity of acts of worship like prayer. The obligatory bath is part of the process of purifying oneself, both outwardly and inwardly. After performing the bath, it is recommended to recite a specific prayer that contains the testimony of monotheism and a supplication to become a repentant and purified servant.
The prayer recited after the obligatory bath is: "Ashhadu an la ilaha illallahu wahdahu la sharika lahu, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa Rasuluhu, allahummaj'alni minat-tawwabina, waj'alni minal-mutatahhirina." Its meaning is: "I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah, alone with no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, make me among those who repent and make me among those who purify themselves."
The procedure for the obligatory bath according to the Sunnah begins with intention, washing the hands, cleaning the private parts, performing ablution (wudu), pouring water over the head and entire body, and washing the feet. The essential components (rukun) of the obligatory bath consist of intention and pouring water over the entire body. Conditions that necessitate the bath include the emission of semen, marital intercourse, menstruation, childbirth, postnatal bleeding, and death.
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